Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationship among Three Apocrita Species (Hymenoptera) From Qena Governorate, Egypt Based On RAPD Markers

doi:10.21608/aunj.2017.221414

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationship among Three Apocrita Species (Hymenoptera) From Qena Governorate, Egypt Based On RAPD Markers

Document Type : Novel Research Articles

10.21608/aunj.2017.221414

Abstract

The genomic DNA of three Apocrita species (Hymenoptera) namely, Vespa orientalis [Vespoidea; Vespidae], Xylocopa aestuans [Apoidea; Apidae] and Apis mellifera [Apoidea; Apidae] has been subjected to RAPD-PCR analysis with 10 deca-oligonucleotides [A-01, A-02, A-03, A-04, A-05, A-07, A-08, A-09, A-11, and A-12]. All primers produced discrete and instructive RAPD bands of various lengths ranging from 200 to 3000 base pair. Ninety seven amplified fragments/bands were produced, from them 4 bands were common (monomorphic) and 93 were polymorphic; those correspond to a level of polymorphism of 95.88 % with an average number of polymorphic fragments per primer of 9.3 band. The Xylocopa aesteanus recorded the highest band frequencies among the studied species.
Based on the Nei-72 distance matrix of genetic and the unweighted pair group method average (UPGMA), the three species under study are related to each other and have common ancestor. However, both Vespa orientalis (Vespidae) and Apis mellifera (Apidae) are genetically closer. The splitting up Xylocopa austeanus into sister clade to Vespa orientalis and Apis mellifera may be a sign to reconsider placement of genus Xylocopa within Apidae.

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